Dollar retreats slightly from five-month high amid rate-cut expectations and Middle East tensions


The U.S. dollar experienced a slight decrease on Monday after recording its most significant weekly advance since the beginning of 2023 due to investor apprehensions over U.S. interest rates and heightened tensions in the Middle East.

Last week, the dollar climbed 1.6% against a basket of six major currencies, with the surprise increase in U.S. inflation data casting doubt on bets for U.S. rate cuts. In contrast, European policymakers hinted at potential rate reductions within a few months. The initial currency transactions on Monday were mainly influenced by the decreasing probability of Fed interest rate cuts rather than the weekend incident involving Israel and Iran.

"Markets are showing signs of relief following Iran's missile barrage on Israel over the weekend," said Shaun Osborne, chief FX strategist at Scotiabank. The Iranian strikes marked an unprecedented drone and missile volley, causing only modest damage.

A pair of high-ranking officials from Israel indicated that immediate retaliatory action was unlikely and that Israel would seek collaboration rather than unilateral measures. This announcement has heightened tensions across the region due to concerns about the possibility of an escalated conflict. Meanwhile, financial markets are adopting a cautious stance, monitoring the situation closely before making any moves.

The dollar index, which indicates the U.S. dollar's worth against a grouping of six currencies, declined by 0.1%, reaching a new mark of 105.86, slightly under its previous high of 106.11 in the past week.

If you want a safe-haven currency right now, the dollar is the best place to go

Chris Turner

Chris Turner, ING's global head of markets, expressed his belief that the dollar is the most secure currency at present because of its vast liquidity pool, superior U.S. deposit rates, and American energy self-sufficiency. Meanwhile, Japan's Finance Minister, Shunichi Suzuki, voiced anxiety about recent currency fluctuations and affirmed Tokyo's readiness to intervene if necessary.

U.S. rate cut bets receding

The dollar could gain further as investors continue to reduce bets on Fed rate cuts, pushing back the anticipated easing cycle to September following the unexpectedly hot consumer price index (CPI) report.

"With a data-light week ahead, all attention will turn to Fedspeak, where more than half a dozen voting members on the Federal Open Market Committee are expected to emphasize patience after last week's blowout CPI print," explained Nicholas Chia, Asia macro strategist at Standard Chartered Bank.

During Thursday's trading session, the two-year Treasury yield crossed above the 5% level as investors responded to alterations in their views on upcoming interest rate shifts. The yield last stood at 4.92%.

The value of the euro dipped to a five-month low of $1.06225 last week due to rumors of forthcoming interest rate reductions from the European Central Bank in June. On Monday, it bounced back slightly, with a gain of approximately 0.2% and a new trading price of $1.0659.

The British pound experienced its biggest weekly decline in value since July, but then bounced back slightly to reach $1.2493. Bitcoin slipped below $62,000 on Sunday, losing around 15% of its value from recent peaks of $72,000.

The intricacies of global financial markets were put to the test as investors grappled with the dual challenges posed by escalating geopolitical tensions between Iran and Israel, as well as the uncertain future of U.S. interest rates.

The ongoing tension in the Middle East between Iran and Israel serves as an extra layer of complexity for global markets, with investors keeping a close eye on both geopolitical developments and the Federal Reserve's intentions regarding future interest rate adjustments. Moreover, the ongoing debate surrounding the Federal Reserve's intentions regarding future interest rate cuts continues to shape market discourse.

Amidst growing speculation about the Federal Reserve's stance on interest rates, investors keep a watchful eye on economic data releases and speeches by Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) members for clues regarding potential rate modifications.